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UJI EFEKTIVITAS LARVASIDA DAN EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN LOSIO ANTINYAMUK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata L.) TERHADAP NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI

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ABSTRAK
Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor utama penyakit Demam Berdarah
Dengue (DBD). Metode pengendalian vektor dapat dilakukan secara biologi,
kimiawi dan fisik. Salah satu pengendalian yang bisa dilakukan yaitu dengan
memberantas larva. Pengendalian secara sintetik masih menimbulkan dampak
buruk bagi kesehatan maupun lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui efektivitas larvasida ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.)
serta mengevaluasi sifat fisik sediaan losio antinyamuk menggunakan bahan aktif
ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.). Ekstrak kental diperoleh
dengan mengekstraksi daun kirinyuh menggunakan metode maserasi dengan
pelarut etanol 70% dan diperoleh rendemen sebesar 12,82%. Kemudian dilakukan
skrining fitokimia. Hasil positif ditunjukkan pada uji flavonoid, terpenoid dan
tanin. Ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) selanjutnya digunakan
dalam pengujian larvasida, diperoleh persen kematian larva pada konsentrasi 1%,
3% dan 5% yaitu 50%, 67% dan 90%. Hasil analisis probit diperoleh nilai LC50
sebesar 3,57%. Kemudian dilakukan formulasi sediaan losio dengan variasi
konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 1%, 3% dan 5%. Losio yang sudah dibuat kemudian
dievaluasi sifat fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya
sebar, dan uji daya lekat. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun kirinyuh
menyebabkan daya sebar sediaan losio semakin menurun. Selain itu, perbedaan
konsentrasi ekstrak daun kirinyuh juga menyebabkan adanya perbedaan
organoleptis (warna dan bau). Formula yang memiliki tampilan paling optimal
ditunjukkan pada FI yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak 1%. Hasil analisis statistik
menunjukkan bahwa ketiga formula (FI, FII dan FIII) sudah memenuhi standar
sediaan losio yang baik meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar dan
daya lekat.
Kata kunci : Ekstrak daun kirinyuh, etanol 70%, maserasi, larva Aedes aegypti,
Losioviii
ABSTRACT
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
(DHF). Vector control methods can be done biologically, chemically and
physically. One control that can be done is by eradicating larvae. Synthetic control
still has a negative impact on health and the environment. This study aims to
determine the larvicidal effectiveness of kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena
odorata L.) and evaluate the physical properties of mosquito repellent lotions
using the active ingredient of kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L.). The
thick extract was obtained by extracting kirinyuh leaves using the maceration
method with 70% ethanol solvent and the yield was 12.82%. Then the
phytochemical screening was carried out. Positive results were shown in the
flavonoid, terpenoid and tannin tests. Kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata
L.) was then used for larvicide testing. The percentage of larval mortality was
obtained at concentrations of 1%, 3% and 5%, namely 50%, 67% and 90%. The
results of probit analysis obtained an LC50 value of 3.57%. Furthermore, the
formulation of lotion preparations was carried out with variations in the
concentration of extracts, namely 1%, 3% and 5%. The lotion that has been made
is then evaluated for physical properties including organoleptic test, homogeneity
test, pH test, spreadability test, and adhesion test. The higher the concentration of
kirinyuh leaf extract, the lower the spreadability of the lotion preparation. In
addition, differences in the concentration of kirinyuh leaf extract also cause
organoleptic differences (color and odor). The formula that has the most optimal
appearance is shown in the FI, namely the extract concentration of 1%. The results
of statistical analysis showed that the three formulas (FI, FII and FIII) had met the
standard of good lotion preparation including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH,
spreadability and adhesion.
Keywords : Kirinyuh leaf extract, 70% ethanol, maceration, Aedes aegypti larvae,
lotion

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

128

Penerbit

Mataram : Farmasi FK Unram., 2021

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Mar u F.2021

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

SKRIPSI

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

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