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OPTIMASI FORMULA SEDIAAN GEL SARIAWAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale)

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ABSTRAK
Daun jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) mengandung senyawa
golongan flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin yang memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap
Candida albicans. Candida albicans merupakan jamur yang dapat menginfeksi
rongga mulut dan menyebabkan terjadinya sariawan, sehingga esktrak daun jambu
mete dapat diformulasikan sebagai gel untuk mengobati sariawan. Tujuan
penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antifungi ekstrak etanol daun
jambu mete dan menentukan formula optimum sediaan gel yang memiliki sifat
fisik yang baik dengan variasi carbopol dan CMC Na. Tahap pertama penelitian
ini yaitu ekstraksi daun jambu mete dengan metode sonikasi menggunakan pelarut
etanol 80%, kemudian dilakukan uji identifikasi fitokimia dengan metode uji
tabung dan KLT. Tahapan selanjutnya uji aktivitas antifungi terhadap Candida
albicans dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Optimasi formula dilakukan
dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design, didapatkan sebanyak 8 formula dan
dilakukan evaluasi sifat fisik (pH, daya sebar, dan daya lekat). Hasil skrining
fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun jambu mete mengandung senyawa
flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Hasil uji aktivitas antifungi menunjukkan ekstrak
daun jambu mete memiliki aktivitas antifungi terhadap Candida albicans dengan
tidak adanya perbedaan signifikan zona hambat antara kelompok kontrol positif
dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun jambu mete 5%, 7,5%, dan 10% (p=0,05),
serta tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara zona hambat masing-masing konsetrasi
ekstrak etanol daun jambu mete (5%;7,5%;10%) (p=0,05). Formula optimum
sediaan gel berdasarkan SLD diperoleh komposisi basis CMC Na 3,5% dan
carbopol 2%. Hasil evaluasi formula optimum menunjukkan sediaan gel sariawan
dengan sifat fisik yang baik, diperoleh pH 8,03?0,026, daya sebar 5,32?0,025 cm,
dan daya lekat 4,38?0,13 detik.
Kata kunci : Anacardium occidentale, Carbopol, CMC Na, Sariawan, Simplex
Lattice Designix
ABSTRACT
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) leaves contain flavonoid, tannin, and
saponin compounds that have antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
Candida albicans is a fungus that can infect the oral cavity and cause mouth ulcer,
so cashew leaves extract can be formulated as a gel to treat mouth ulcer. The
purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of
cashew leaves and determine the optimum formula of gel preparations that have
good physical properties with variations of carbopol and CMC Na. The first stage
of this study is the extraction of cashew leaves by sonication method using 80%
ethanol solvent, then a phytochemical identification test is carried out with the
tube and KLT test methods. The next stage of the antifungal activity test against
Candida albicans was carried out by the disc diffusion method. Formula
optimization was carried out using the Simplex Lattice Design method, obtained
as many as 8 formulas and an evaluation of physical properties (pH, dispersal
power, and adhesion). Phytochemical screening results show that the ethanol
extract of cashew leaves contains flavonoid compounds, tannins, and saponins.
The results of the antifungi activity test showed that cashew leaf ethanol extract
had antifungi activity against Candida albicans with no significant differences in
inhibition zones between the positive control group and the concentration of
cashew leaf ethanol extracts of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% (p=0.05), and there were no
significant differences between the inhibition zones of each cashew leaf ethanol
extract concentration (5%;7.5%;10%) (p=0.05). The optimum formula of gel
preparations based on SLD obtained the base composition of CMC Na 3.5% and
carbopol 2%. The results of the evaluation of the optimum formula showed a
mouth ulcer gel preparation with good physical properties, obtained pH
8.03?0.026, spreadability of 5.32?0.025 cm, and adhesion of 4.38?0.13 seconds.
Keywords : Anacardium occidentale, Carbopol, CMC Na, Mouth ulcer, Simplex
Lattice Design.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

176

Penerbit

Mataram : Farmasi FK Unram., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Yun o F.2022

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

SKRIPSI

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

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