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FORMULASI TABLET HISAP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum sanctum L.)

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ABSTRAK
Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) mengandung senyawa metabolit
sekunder sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan mikroba patogen pada mulut, sehingga
dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tablet hisap. Pemilihan bahan pengikat dalam formulasi
sangat penting, karena dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik tablet. Tujuan penelitian ini
untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak daun kemangi dan
menentukkan formula terbaik pada sediaan tablet hisap ekstrak etanol daun
kemangi berdasarkan variasi bahan pengikat gelatin. Daun kemangi diekstraksi
menggunakan metode sonikasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan dilakukan skrining
fitokimia (uji tabung dan KLT). Tablet diformulasikan menggunakan metode
granulasi basah dengan variasi gelatin pada formula 1 (5%), formula 2 (7,5%), dan
formula 3 (10%). Sifat fisik granul dievaluasi dan dikempa. Tablet yang dihasilkan
dievaluasi sifat fisik. Hasil menunjukkan daun kemangi mengandung senyawa
golongan flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Hasil uji waktu alir granul formula 1 dan 2
tidak memenuhi syarat, formula 3 memenuhi syarat Farmakope Indonesia Edisi III.
Uji sudut diam, pengentapan, dan uji kadar air granul (formula 1, 2, dan 3) telah
memenuhi syarat Farmakope Indonesia Edisi III. Hasil evaluasi tablet pada uji
keseragaman bobot untuk formula 1,2, dan 3 sebesar 257 mg ? 0,226; 248 mg ?
0,068 dan 253 mg ? 0,157. Uji kekerasan tablet sebesar 3,721 kg ? 0,268; 4,221 kg
? 0,929 dan 6,636 kg ? 1,035. Uji kerapuhan tablet sebesar 3,4% ? 0,152; 1,1% ?
0,264 dan 0,9% ? 0,1. Uji waktu hancur sebesar 7,6 menit ? 2,452; 11 menit ? 2,154
dan 18,6 menit ? 4,016. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol
daun kemangi memiliki metabolit sekunder flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Variasi
bahan pengikat gelatin mempengaruhi sifat fisik tablet, dimana konsentrasi
pengikat gelatin paling baik pada formula 3 (10%).
Kata kunci: Gelatin, granulasi basah, Ocimum sanctum, tablet hisap.vii
ABSTRACT
Basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) contain secondary metabolites as
inhibitors of the growth of pathogenic microbes in the mouth, so they can be used
as lozenges. The choice of binder in the formulation is very important, because it
can affect the physical properties of the tablet. The purpose of this study was to
determine the content of secondary metabolites in basil leaf extract and determine
the best formula for lozenges of ethanol extract of basil leaves based on variations
in gelatin binding agents. Basil leaves were extracted using the sonication method
with 96% ethanol solvent and subjected to phytochemical screening (test tube and
TLC). Tablets were formulated using the wet granulation method with variations of
gelatin in formula 1 (5%), formula 2 (7.5%), and formula 3 (10%). The physical
properties of the granules are evaluated and compressed. The resulting tablets were
evaluated for physical properties. The results showed that basil leaves contained
compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The results
of the granule flow time test for formula 1 and 2 did not meet the requirements,
formula 3 met the requirements for the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition III. The
angle of repose, settling, and granule water content tests (formula 1, 2, and 3) met
the requirements of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition III. The results of tablet
evaluation in the weight uniformity test for formulas 1, 2, and 3 were 257 mg ?
0.226; 248 mg ? 0.068 and 253 mg ? 0.157. Tablet hardness test of 3.721 kg ?
0.268; 4.221 kg ? 0.929 and 6.636 kg ? 1.035. Tablet friability test of 3.4% ? 0.152;
1.1% ? 0.264 and 0.9% ? 0.1. The disintegration time test was 7.6 minutes ? 2.452;
11 minutes ? 2.154 and 18.6 minutes ? 4.016. From this study it can be concluded
that the ethanol extract of basil leaves has secondary metabolites of flavonoids,
saponins and tannins. Variations in gelatin binder affect the physical properties of
the tablet, where the concentration of gelatin binder is best in formula 3 (10%).
Keywords: Gelatin, wet granulation, Ocimum sanctum, lozenges.

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

184

Penerbit

Mataram : Farmasi FK Unram., 2022

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Put f F.2022

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

SKRIPSI

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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