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PENENTUAN KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI - FRAKSI DAUN MANGROVE (Sonneratia alba)
ABSTRAK
Sonneratia alba merupakan salah satu spesies mangrove yang dimanfaatkan
sebagai obat tradisional. Daun Sonneratia alba memiliki berbagai efek farmakologi
seperti proteksi kardiovaskular, antidiabetes, antioksidan, antibakteri,
antikolesterol, antiinflamasi, dan antijamur karena kandungan senyawa metabolit
yang salah satunya ialah golongan flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
menentukan kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak dan fraksi-fraksi daun Sonneratia
alba yang diperoleh di Buwun Mas, Sekotong, Lombok Barat. Tahapan yang
dilakukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengumpulan bahan, determinasi tanaman,
pembuatan simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak dengan metode sonikasi menggunakan
pelarut etanol 96% dan fraksinasi metode cair-cair dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil
asetat dan air. Analisis kualitatif flavonoid meliputi uji tabung dan uji KLT, serta
analisis kuantitatif dengan metode kolorimetri menggunakan spektrofotometri UVVis. Analisis kualitatif dengan uji tabung ekstrak dan fraksi-fraksi positif adanya
flavonoid. Uji KLT positif flavonoid pada ekstrak etanol 96%, fraksi n-heksana,
fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi air negatif. Kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 96%,
fraksi air, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi n-heksana secara berturut turut sebesar
22,7?1,4 mgQE/g fraksi, 16,8?0,9 mgQE/g fraksi 42,6?1,4 mgQE/g fraksi, dan
75,3?3,8 mgQE/g fraksi. Hasil analisis statistik One Way ANOVA dengan taraf
kepercayaan 95% yaitu kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 96% dan fraksi-fraksi
bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p0,05).
Kata kunci: Daun Sonneratia alba, ekstrak, fraksi, kadar flavonoid total,
spektrofotometri UV-Vis.viii
ABSTRACT
Sonneratia alba is a mangrove species that is used in traditional medicine.
Sonneratia alba leaves have various pharmacological effects such as cardiovascular
protection, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticholesterol, antiinflammatory and antifungal because they contain metabolite compounds, such as
the flavonoid group. This research aimed to determine the total flavonoid content
in extracts and fractions of Sonneratia alba leaves obtained in Buwun Mas,
Sekotong, and West Lombok. The stages carried out in this research include
collecting materials, plant determination, making simplicia, making extracts using
the sonication method using 96% ethanol solvent and liquid-liquid fractionation
using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water solvents. Qualitative analysis of flavonoids
includes tube tests and TLC tests, as well as quantitative analysis using the
colorimetric method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis using
extract tube tests and positive fractions for the presence of flavonoids. The TLC test
was positive for flavonoids in the 96% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl
acetate fraction and negative water fraction. The total flavonoid content of the 96%
ethanol extract, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction were
respectively 22.7?1.4 mgQE/g fraction, 16.8?0.9 mgQE/g fraction 42.6?1.4
mgQE/g fraction, and 75.3?3.8 mgQE/g fraction. The results of the One Way
ANOVA statistical analysis of total flavonoid levels showed significant differences
(p0.05).
Keywords: Sonneratia alba leaves, extrack, fraction, rate flavonoid total, UV-Vis
spectrophometry
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