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EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM KARANTINA MANUSIA DALAM PENANGANAN ERIDS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PELABUHAN LEMBAR, NTB

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ABSTRAK
EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM KARANTINA MANUSIA DALAM
PENANGANAN ERIDS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
DI PELABUHAN LEMBAR, NTB
Dyah Arista Putri, Bayu Tirta Dirja, Didit Yudhanto
Latar Belakang: Pelabuhan Lembar sebagai pintu masuk vital di Nusa Tenggara
Barat menghadapi tantangan signifikan dalam pengendalian pandemi COVID-19.
Keterbatasan infrastruktur dan sumber daya menuntut adanya evaluasi mendalam
terhadap efektivitas sistem karantina kesehatan untuk memastikan ketahanan pintu
masuk negara.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas sistem karantina
kesehatan di Pelabuhan Lembar menggunakan pendekatan Logic Model yang
difokuskan pada tiga dimensi pengendalian: Engineering Control, Administrative
Control, dan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD).
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD), wawancara
mendalam, dan telaah dokumen. Validitas data diuji menggunakan triangulasi
sumber dan metode.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Pada dimensi Engineering Control,
terdapat kesenjangan Input berupa ketiadaan ruang isolasi permanen dan
penggunaan alat skrining manual di terminal domestik, namun kekurangan ini
dikompensasi secara efektif melalui dimensi Process berupa adaptasi rekayasa alur
(segregasi) dan modifikasi ventilasi; (2) Dimensi Administrative Control berfungsi
sebagai tulang punggung sistem melalui penegakan regulasi ketat (gate-keeping),
pembatasan kapasitas angkut, dan transformasi surveilans digital berbasis risiko
(Risk-Based Assessment), didukung oleh mekanisme Surge Capacity; (3) Dimensi
APD dan Edukasi menunjukkan kinerja optimal dengan status resiliensi logistik
yang tinggi (surplus) dan strategi komunikasi risiko multi-kanal yang masif.
Kesimpulan: Sistem karantina kesehatan di Pelabuhan Lembar beroperasi dengan
karakteristik "Resiliensi Adaptif". Keberhasilan pengendalian wabah tidak
bertumpu pada infrastruktur fisik semata, melainkan pada ketegasan regulasi
administratif, fleksibilitas manajemen sumber daya, dan rekayasa prosedur yang
responsif terhadap keterbatasan lapangan.
Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Sistem Karantina, Efektivitas, Logic Model, Hierarki
Kontrol, Pelabuhan Lembar, COVID-19viii
ABSTRACT
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HUMAN QUARANTINE SYSTEM IN
MANAGING EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIOUS
DISEASES (ERIDS) DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT LEMBAR
PORT, WEST NUSA TENGGARA
Dyah Arista Putri, Bayu Tirta Dirja, Didit Yudhanto
Background: Port of Lembar, as a vital entry point in West Nusa Tenggara, faced
significant challenges in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Limitations in
infrastructure and resources necessitated a comprehensive evaluation of the health
quarantine system's effectiveness to ensure national border security.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the health quarantine
system at the Port of Lembar using the Logic Model approach, focusing on three
control dimensions: Engineering Control, Administrative Control, and Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE).
Methods: This study employed a qualitative method with a case study design. Data
were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD), in-depth interviews, and
document review. Data validity was tested using source and method triangulation.
Results: The findings indicate: (1) In Engineering Control, significant Input gaps
were identified, such as the lack of permanent isolation rooms and manual screening
in domestic terminals, which were effectively compensated by Process adaptations
through flow segregation and ventilation modification; (2) Administrative Control
served as the system's backbone through strict regulation enforcement (gatekeeping), capacity restrictions, and digital risk-based surveillance (Risk-Based
Assessment), supported by Surge Capacity mechanisms; (3) The PPE and
Education dimension demonstrated optimal performance with high logistical
resilience (surplus stock) and massive multi-channel risk communication strategies.
Conclusion: The health quarantine system at the Port of Lembar operates with the
characteristic of "Adaptive Resilience." The success of outbreak control relied not
solely on physical infrastructure but on strict administrative regulations, resource
management flexibility, and procedural engineering responsive to field limitations.
Keywords: Quarantine System Evaluation, Effectiveness, Logic Model, Hierarchy
of Control, Port of Lembar, COVID-19

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1386

Penerbit

Mataram : FKIK Unram., 2026

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Dya e 2026

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KTI 2026

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

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