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EVALUASI KUESIONER EDINBURGH POST-NATAL DEPRESSION SCALE (EPDS) BERBAHASA INDONESIA SEBAGAI ALAT SKRINING DEPRESI MATERNAL PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS NARMADA
ABSTRAK
EVALUASI KUESIONER EDINBURGH POST-NATAL DEPRESSION SCALE
(EPDS) BERBAHASA INDONESIA SEBAGAI ALAT SKRINING DEPRESI
MATERNAL PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI WILAYAH KERJA
PUSKESMAS NARMADA
Febi Jian Setiasari, Cut Warnaini, Agustine Mahardika, Astri Ferdiana
Latar belakang: Depresi maternal merupakan episode depresi berkelanjutan
selama perempuan menjalankan peran sebagai seorang ibu. Depresi ini memiliki
onset yang dimulai sejak prakehamilan hingga perempuan mengemban peran
sebagai seorang ibu. Depresi pada ibu selama masa kehamilan lebih sering dialami
pada trimester III kehamilan. Depresi pada trimester III terjadi sebagai bentuk
kekhawatiran dan ketakutan berlebih terhadap kesehatan janin, persalinan, serta
peran sebagai orang tua di masa depan untuk mendukung tumbuh kembang anak.
Menilik problematika sebelumnya, peristiwa depresi pada ibu hamil perlu menjadi
prioritas utama sehingga langkah yang perlu dilakukan ialah dengan melakukan
skrining dini. Skrining depresi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan tools skrining
seperti Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS).
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan studi
analitik non-eksperimental (desain penelitian survei) yang bertujuan untuk menguji
validitas dan reliabilitas EPDS. Penelitian ini melibatkan 49 ibu hamil trimester III
di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Narmada. Uji validitas dilakukan
menggunakan korelasi Pearson, di mana skor masing-masing item dalam instrumen
dibandingkan dengan nilai total keseluruhan item untuk menilai sejauh mana setiap
butir pertanyaan berkontribusi terhadap konstruksi skala EPDS. Uji reliabilitas
dilakukan melalui test-retest reliability untuk menilai konsistensi antarwaktu,
serta konsistensi internal menggunakan Cronbach?s alpha guna mengevaluasi
homogenitas antar-item dalam instrumen EPDS.
Hasil: Hasil uji validitas menggunakan korelasi Pearson Product Moment
menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien korelasi (r) antara setiap item dari total skor
berkisar antara 0.322 hingga 0.834. Nilai r hitung > r tabel yaitu 0.275. Hasil uji
reliabilitas konsistensi internal menunjukkan nilai Cronbach's alpha sebesar 0.824
pada pengisian pertama dan terefleksikan pula pada pengisian kedua di mana nilai
Cronbach's alpha sebesar 0.826. Hasil uji reliabilitas konsistensi antarwaktu
menunjukkan nilai single measures dan average measure berturut-turut sebesar
0,654 dan 0,79.
Simpulan: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa EPDS berbahasa Indonesia valid dan
reliabel untuk digunakan sebagai alat skrining depresi maternal pada responden ibu
hamil trimester III di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Narmada
Kata kunci : Depresi maternal, trimester III, Edinburgh Post-natal Depression
Scaleviii
ABSTRACT
EVALUATION OF THE EDINBURGH POST-NATAL DEPRESSION SCALE
(EPDS) IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AS A MEASURE OF MATERNAL
DEPRESSION IN TRIMESTER III PREGNANT MOTHERS IN THE NARMADA
PUSKESMAS WORKING WAY
Febi Jian Setiasari, Cut Warnaini, Agustine Mahardika, Astri Ferdiana
Background: Maternal depression is a sustained episode of depression during a
woman's role as a mother. This depression has an onset that starts from prepregnancy until the woman becomes a mother. Maternal depression during
pregnancy is more commonly experienced in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Depression in the third trimester occurs as a form of excessive worry and fear of
fetal health, childbirth, and the role of parents in the future to support child
development. Seeing the previous problems, the occurrence of depression in
pregnant women needs to be a top priority so that the steps that need to be taken
are to screen early. Depression screening can be done using screening tools such
as the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS).
Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a non-experimental analytic study
design (survey research design) that aims to test the validity and reliability of EPDS.
This study involved 49 third trimester pregnant women in the Narmada Health
Center working area. The validity test was conducted using Pearson's correlation,
where the score of each item in the instrument was compared with the total value of
all items to assess the extent to which each question item contributed to the
construction of the EPDS scale. Reliability tests were conducted through test-retest
reliability to assess inter-temporal consistency, as well as internal consistency using
Cronbach's alpha to evaluate inter-item homogeneity in the EPDS instrument.
Results: The results of the validity test using Pearson Product Moment correlation
showed that the correlation coefficient (r) between each item from the total score
ranged from 0.322 to 0.834. The value of r count> r table which is 0.275. The results
of the internal consistency reliability test showed a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.824
in the first filling and was also reflected in the second filling where the Cronbach's
alpha value was 0.826. The results of the intertemporal consistency reliability test
showed the value of single measures and average measures of 0.654 and 0.79,
respectively.
Conclusion: This study found that the Indonesian-language EPDS is valid and
reliable to be used as a screening tool for maternal depression in a sample of third
trimester pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Narmada
Keywords: Maternal depression, third trimester, Edinburgh Post-natal Depression
Scale
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