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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA (ANNONA SQUAMOSA LINN) TERHADAP KADAR BILIRUBIN PADA TIKUS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN KARBON TETRAKLORIDA (CCL4)
ABSTRAK
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN SRIKAYA (ANNONA SQUAMOSA LINN) TERHADAP KADAR BILIRUBIN PADA TIKUS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN KARBON TETRAKLORIDA (CCL4)
Try Widianto Putra Nugraha, Mohammad Rizki, Nurhidayati
Latar Belakang: Obat merupakan penyebab penting dari kerusakan hati. Lebih dari 900 obat, toksin, tumbuhan telah dilaporkan menyebabkan gangguan hati, dan obat-obatan mencapai 20-40% dari semua kasus gagal hati. Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) mengandung senyawa aktif flavonoid yang memiliki efek antioksidan, antitumor, dan hepatoprotektor. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak Annona squamosa L. terhadap kadar bilirubin tikus yang diinduksi CCl4.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian eksperimental laboratoris murni dengan rancangan post-test only control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 8 minggu. Dua puluh ekor tikus wistar jantan dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol positif (K1) diberikan CCl4 10% 1 ml/kgBB intraperitoneal 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu, kelompok kontrol negatif (K2) diberikan minyak zaitun 1 ml/kgBB intraperitoneal 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu, kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) diberikan ekstrak daun srikaya dengan dosis 300 mg/kgBB pada minggu ke-5 sampai minggu ke-8, kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) diberikan ekstrak daun srikaya dengan dosis 350 mg/kgBB pada minggu ke-5 sampai minggu ke-8. Pada minggu ke-8 hewan coba diterminasi dan darahnya diambil secara intrakardiak untuk dianalis. Uji statistik pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun srikaya menggunakan uji one-way ANOVA
Hasil: Pemberian CCl4 menyebabkan peningkatan signifikan kadar bilirubin hewan coba pada kelompok K1, kelompok P1, dan kelompok P2. Pemberian ekstrak daun srikaya pada kelompok P2 didapatkan kadar bilirubin yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok P1. Pada uji statistik didapatkan pengaruh signifikan pemberian ekstrak srikaya terhadap kadar bilirubin total (p = 0,016) dan kadar bilirubin direk (p = 0,04).
Kesimpulan: Efek hepatoprotektif terdapat pada kelompok P2 yaitu pemberian ekstrak daun srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) dengan dosis 350 mg/kg BB.
Kata Kunci: Daun srikaya (Annona squamosa L.), karbon tetraklorida (CCl4), kadar bilirubin
ABSTRACT
INFLUENCE OF CUSTARD APPLE LEAVES (ANNONA SQUAMOSA LINN) EXTRACT ADMINISTRATION ON BILIRUBIN LEVELS IN RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) THAT IS INDUCED WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE (CCL4)
Try Widianto Putra Nugraha, Mohammad Rizki, Nurhidayati
Background: Drug is an important cause of liver damage. Over 900 drugs, toxins, plant has been reported to cause liver damage, and medicine reaches 20-40% of all cases of liver failure. Custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) contains active compounds flavonoids that have antioxidant, antitumour and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the influence of custard apple leaves (Annona squamosa L.) extract administration on bilirubin levels in rats (Rattus norvegicus) that induced is with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).
Method: This research was a pure laboratory experimental study with post-test only control group design. This research was carried out for 8 weeks. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Positive control group (K1) were given 1 ml/kg body weight CCl4 10% intraperitoneally 3 times a week during 4 weeks, negative control group (K2) were given 1 ml/kg body weight olive oil intraperitoneally 3 times a week during 4 weeks, treatment group 1 (P1) were given the custard apple leaves extract with dose of 300 mg / kg body weight at week 5 to week 8, treatment group 2 (P2) were given the custard apple leaves extract with dose of 350 mg / kg body weight at week 5 to week 8. At week 8, the experimental animals were terminated and blood was collected by intracardiac route to analyzed. Statistical test to determine the effect of custard apple leaves extract were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test.
Result: Administration of CCl4 caused a significant increase in bilirubin levels in the experimental animals on K1, P1, and P2 groups. Custard apple leaves extract in P2 group obtained bilirubin levels were lower than P1 group. In the statistical test there was a significant effect of custard apple leaves extract administration to total bilirubin levels (p = 0.016) and direct bilirubin levels (p = 0.04).
Conclusion: The hepatoprotective effects of custard apple leaves extract (Annona squamosal L.) is found in treatment group 2 (P2) with the dose of 350 mg / kg body weight.
Key Words: Custard Apple leaves extract (Annona squamosal L.), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), Bilirubin levels
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