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PROFIL ANEMIA BERDASARKAN INDEKS ERITROSIT PADA SISWA SMPN 2 KECAMATAN KHAYANGAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
ABSTRAK
PROFIL ANEMIA BERDASARKAN INDEKS ERITROSIT
PADA SISWA SMPN 2 KECAMATAN KHAYANGAN
KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Moh. Arif Kurniawan, Ima Arum L., Putu Aditya W.
Latar belakang : Anemia adalah penurunan volume eritrosit atau kadar
hemoglobin (Hb) hingga dibawah rentang yang berlaku untuk orang sehat.
Peningkatan atau penurunan kejadian anemia pada suatu daerah dapat dipengaruhi
oleh kondisi demografi dan geografis suatu daerah. Kecamatan Khayangan
memiliki kondisi geografis berupa dataran tinggi dan pantai. Mayoritas
penduduknya berprofesi sebagai nelayan dan petani. SMPN 2 Khayangan
merupakan salah satu sekolah tingkat menengah pertama yang berlokasi di
Kecamatan Khayangan, yang mayorits siswanya tinggal di daerah dataran tinggi
dan perkebunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil anemia
berdasarkan indeks eritrosit yang paling banyak terjadi pada siswa SMPN 2
Khayangan.
Metode : Rancangan penelitian ini mengunakan studi cross sectional. Teknik
pengambilan sampel mengunakan sistem total sampling dari 222 siswa, namun
responden yang memuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 196 siswa dan data diolah
dengan metode analisis univariat.
Hasil : Dari 196 responden, 24 (12,2%) siswa dinyatakan anemia berdasarkan
nilai patokan Hb populasi (12,97 gr/dl±1,05), anemia paling banyak pada
kelompok usia 13-14 tahun sebanyak 15 (62,5%) siswa, berjenis kelamin
perempuan sebanyak 15 (62,5%) siswa, dengan status IMT < 18,5 sebanyak 16
(66,7%) siswa. Berdasarkan indeks eritrositnya, kejadian anemia mikrositik
hipokromik sebanyak 15 (62,5%) siswa, anemia normositik hipokromik sebanyak
7 (29,2%) siswa dan anemia normositik normokromik sebanyak 2 (8,3%) siswa.
Kesimpulan : anemia terbanyak adalah anemia mikrositik hipokromik sebanyak
15 (62,5%) siswa, diikuti anemia normositik hipokromik sebanyak 7 (29,2%)
siswa dan anemia normositik normokromik sebanyak 2 (8,3%) siswa, dengan nilai
rerata Hb 12,97 gr/dl ±1,05. Kejadian anemia didominasi oleh kelompok usia 13-
14 tahun berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan IMT < 18,5.
Kata kunci : anemia, indeks eritrosit, siswa SMP
ABSTRACT
PROFILE OF ANEMIA BASED ON RED CELL INDICES ON
STUDENTS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL NO. 2 AT KHAYANGAN
NORTHS LOMBOK REGENCY
Moh. Arif Kurniawan, Ima Arum L., Putu Aditya W.
Background: Anemia is defined as a decreased of the red blood cell (RBC)
volume or hemoglobin concentration below the range of values in healthy
persons. The prevalency of anemia case at a region can be affected by it’s
demography and geography condition. Khayangan has coast and highlands
geography. The majority of people work as fishermen and farmers. Junior High
School No. 2 Khayangan is one of the junior high school at Khayangan, which
most of the students live in highland and plantation areas. This study was
conducted to determine anemia profile based on red cell indices on students of
Junior High School No. 2 Khayangan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Junior High School No. 2
Khayangan. Total sampling was used for 222 students, 196 students included as
subject. Data was analyzed by univariat method.
Results: From 196 respondents, 24 (12.2%) students are classified as anemia
based on population’s standard hemoglobin level (12.97 gr/dl ±1.05), we found
most of anemia cases were at age 13-14 years old range (15 student, 62.5%),
female students (15 student, 62.5%), with BMI status < 18.5 (16 student, 66.7%).
Based on red cell indices, microcytic-hypochromic anemia case were 15 (62.5%)
students, normocytic-hypochromic anemia were 7 (29.2%) students, and
normocytic-normochromic anemia were 2 (8.3%) students.
Conclusion: The most anemia cases found were hypochromic microcytic anemia
in 15 (62.5%) students, followed by normocytic-hypocromic anemia in 7 (29.2%)
students and normocytic-normochromic in 2 (8.3%) students. The average of
population’s hemoglobin level were 12.97 gr/dl (SD 1.05). Anemia case wass
dominated by student age 13-14 years old, female student, and student with BMI
< 18.5.
Keywords: anemia, red cell indices, junior high school students
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