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KORELASI ANTARA TEKANAN DARAH DENGAN NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI POPULASI KOTA MATARAM

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ABSTRAK
KORELASI ANTARA TEKANAN DARAH DENGAN NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI POPULASI KOTA MATARAM
Ni Made Dhita Yogiswari, A.A. Sagung Mas Meiswaryasti, Yanna Indrayana
Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang bertanggung jawab menjadi penyebab utama tingginya angka mortalitas dan morbiditas didunia. Keadaan ini ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan tekanan darah diatas normal. Jika hipertensi dibiarkan tidak terkontrol maka akan menyebabkan terjadinya stoke, gagal jantung, dan gagal ginjal kronik. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko dari terjadinya Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP). Saat ini belum pernah dilakukan penelitian mengenai hubungan tingginya tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi dengan PAP yang dinilai berdasarkan pemeriksaan ankle brachial index (ABI) pada populasi kota Mataram.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Sebanyak 52 sampel penelitian penderita hipertensi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan ABI dan pengukuran tekanan darah dengan menggunakan sphygmomanometer dan stetoskop. Sementara data status hipertensi diperkuat dengan data sekunder dari rekam medis dari subjek penelitian. Pengujian statistik menggunakan uji korelasi spearman.
Hasil: Dari 52 subjek penelitian yang terkumpul, terdapat 14 (26,9%) orang yang memiliki nilai ABI tidak normal. Kejadian PAP paling banyak terdapat pada hipertensi derajat 2 yaitu 43%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tekanan darah dengan nilai ABI pada penderita hipertensi dengan nilai p=0,012 untuk tekanan darah sistolik dan p=0,034 untuk tekanan darah diastolik. Arah hubungan tersebut bernilai negatif dan kekuatan korelasi (r) tergolong lemah, artinya semakin tinggi tekanan darah penderita hipertensi tersebut, maka nilai ABI yang diperoleh akan semakin rendah.
Kesimpulan: Tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan nilai ABI.
Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, penyakit arteri perifer, nilai ankle brachial index, tekanan darah.

 


ABSTRACT
CORRELATION BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX VALUE ON HYPERTENSION PATIENTS
IN MATARAM POPULATION
Ni Made Dhita Yogiswari, A.A. Sagung Mas Meiswaryasti, Yanna Indrayana
Background: Hypertension was one of many diseases that responsible for high rates of worldwide mortality and morbidity. Increasing in blood pressure much more above normal was an early symptom for hypertension. Hypertension tended to initiate many failures on organ function in human and would lead patient to many complications, such as Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Narrowing in blood vessel, especially in artery on PAD patients, could be initiated by high pressure of blood and there was no research yet that focus on this correlation in Mataram population. Ankle brachial index (ABI) was the screening method which was used for identifying symptom of person who suffered from PAD. The aim of this research is to calculate the correlation between blood pressure and ABI value on hypertension patients in Mataram population.
Methods: This research was an observational research with cross-sectional method. There were fifty two samples patients were selected from internal medicine clinic NTB Province General Hospital which chose by consecutive sampling technique. Values of ABI and blood pressure of patients were retrieved by examination using stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. Secondary data from medical record of patients would support hypertension status of research subjects. All data treated statistically with spearman-statistical test.
Results: Study samples from fifty two research subjects indicated fourteen (26,9%) patients had abnormal ABI value. Research subjects who suffered from PAD mostly had degree of hypertension in second stage with 43%. Statistical results showed a strongly related between blood pressure and ABI value on hypertension sufferers. When systolic blood pressure was calculated, it was resulting in value of p=0,012 while value of p=0,034 was come from diastolic blood pressure examination. The two parameters were found negatively correlated with weakly correlation strength (r), which mean an increasing in blood pressure on hypertension patients will resulting on decreasing in ABI value.
Conclusions: All fifty two data were shown a strong correlation between blood pressure and ABI value on hypertension patients with statistically negative correlation.
Key Word: Peripheral arterial disease, blood pressure, hypertension, ankle brachial index

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

635

Penerbit

Mataram : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram., 2018

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

616.13

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KTI
hipertensi
tekanan darah tinggi
Ankle Brachial Index
KTI PSPD

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